Steam turbine



Jan., n, @92% www4 P. DAVIS STEAM TURBINE,

Filed Feb. vi@ 1924 2 sheets-.sheet 1 Jan. 11,1927.' l 1,6%,694

K P. DAvis l STEAM TURBINE Filed Feb. 6Y 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet .9.

Patented Jan. 11, 1927. Y

UNIT STATES .Pit'lhl'i -iiiilCEi PAUL DAVS, OF VRGINA CITY, VIRGrNIA, ASSIGIOR OF ONE-'l-IRD TO JACOB Vf. ERANKS,` ONE-EIGHTH TO J'. S. HORNE AND CARL BORNE, ALL OF CO'EBURN, VIRj- GINIA, AND ONE-HALF TO S. ASTON, OF LEBANON, VRGNIA.

sTnAM' ltruiaernr..

.Application filed February This invention relates to` turbines ot the velocity type, in whichthe steam or other motive fluid is applied directly to the periphery ot the rotor or turbine wheel in a. circumterential direction. e

The primary object of the invention is to provide a reversible turbine in which the buckets or vanes are so constructed that a maximum amount of power will be derived from the turbine irrespective of the kdirection lof rotation oi the rotor` with the use of a minimum amount of steam.

A further object of the invention is to 'pro vide novel means for hingedly mounting the buckets or vanes on the rotor, whereby the position of the bucketswill be automatically reversed upon the changing of the path of the steam to reverse the direction of rotation of the rotor. 'i

A still further object oit thepinvention` is the provision of an improved turbine of the above character, which will be durable and eiiicient in use, one that willbe simple and easy to manufacture, and one which can be placed upon the market at a small cost.

lVith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction,

arrangement and formation of parts, as will be hereinafter more specifically described,

claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is an `end proved turbine. 4

Figure 2 is a longitudinal ysection through the turbine taken onthe `line 2-2 of Figure V1. A 'i Figure 3 is a transverse section through the turbine taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2. e 1

Figure 4 is a lon` itudinal section through the valve construction. 1

Figure 5 is atransverse section through elevation of the iinlthe valve construction taken on the line 5`5 of Figure 4. Y

. Figure 6 is a detail end elevation of the turbine illustrating the means employed for shifting the control valve', and

Figure 7` is av fragmentary "plan view of the turbine partly in section illustrating the guide for the valve shitting lever.

Referring to the drawings in detail wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, the lettere generally indicates the 6, 1924. Serial No. 690,967.

have bolted or otherwise secured thereto such as by cap screws 12, the disk-shaped end plates 13 and 14. y

The end plates 13 and 14 are provided with axial bearings 15 which rotatably re` ceive the power shaft 16. The bearings 15 can be provided with suitable stutling boxes 17, in order to prevent the leakage of steam from between the rotor and the stator. l

The rotor C includes a solid hub 18 which is keyed or otherwise secured to the `power lshaft 16 andthe periphery of the hub 18 is provided at equidistantly spaced points with transversely extending supporting lugs 19 the opposite faces of which are gradually tapered toward the outer ends of the lugs. The ends of the hub 18 are provided with annular flanges 2O which receive the ends oi the lugs 19 and projectradially beyond the same. y l

The lugs 19 form supports for the vanes or buckets D which will now be described. These vanes or buckets D are all of thev same 'construction andv each includes a substantially' semif'cylindrical body 21 and a `longitudinally vextending centrally disposed rib 22. It `is to be noted that the rib 22 is secured to the concaved face of the semicylindrical'body 121 of the vane or bucket. The terminals of the rib`22 are provided with hinge lugs or pins23 which are litted within suitable' bearing openingsformed in the inner faces ot the flanges 20. By this construction, it is obvious'that the position of the vanes or buckets D can be reversed relative to the hub 18, so that the steam entering into the stator can impinge against the concave facesot the vanes or buckets irrespectivey of the direction of rotation `of the rotor. When the vanes or buckets assume an operative position their swinging movement is` limited bythe bodyV portions thereof contacting with the'hubv 18ct the rotor.

" `The 'valve structure E is utilized both for the purpose ot controllingthe steam enterL1 ing into the stator and 'i'or regulating thc direction oi flow ot the steam into the stator for causing the reversing of the rotor and embodies a cylindrical housing' 25 which is arranged above the stator at the longitudinal axis thereof. casing' 25 has communicatinpl therewith at spaced points the diverging 'feed pipes 26 and 27 which lead into the st-atoron opposite sides of the vertical center thereot'. One endet the casing has connected therewith an inlet nipple 28 which is provided with a. valve seat 29. This inlet nipple. 28 has connected* therewith the steaml inlet pipe 30.

A valve plug; 3l is mounted within the casing 25 for rotary and sliding' movement and has one side thereof cut away to provide a 'feed channel 32. By referring to Figure 4 it can be seen that the it'eed channel 32 ends short of one end ot the valve plug. The opposite end oi the valveV plug 3l is provided withV a conical valve which is adapted to fit upon the valveseat 29v Jformed in the nipple 28. Thus when the conical valve 33 rests on the valve seat 291the entrance of steam into the casing- 25 and consequently into the stator B from the inlet pipe is prevented. An, axially disposed stemf34 is formed on the valve plug;r 3l and projects outwardly from the casing 25 through a suitable stuiiing. box 35. vBy turnine' the valve plug'l so as to move the channeL 32 overA the pipe 2G or 2T the direction of How of steam into the stator can be regulated.

The improved means F tor shift-ing the valve plug- 31 comprises a lever 36, which is rockably mounted on a yoke 37 at a point intermediate its ends. This yokeV 37, is in turn slidably Vmountedfupon a bracket 38 which can be bolted or otherwise secured to the stator B. The lever 36 Vis therefore mounted for swinging movement in two directions. is provided with a yoke-39 which straddles the valve stem 34 and the yoke is connected to the valve steml 34 through a suitable pin and slot connection 40. The lower end of the lever projects through an l-slot 41 in a guide plate 42 whichis also bolted to the.

stator. A hand `.ejrip 43 is formed on the lever for facilitating: the shifting4 movement thereof;

lrotate the valve'plugrl 81 so that the channel 32 will overlie the feed:` pipe 26. rllhis shitting' movement ot' the lever will position the same at one end of the eye slot-.4l which will permit the handle to be shoved in- This hollow cylndrical'- The upper' end ot the lever 3G wardly causing the uuseating ot the valve plug 33. The steam will new enter the cas ing 25 from the inlet pipe 30 into the feed pipe 26 and then into the casing; The steam will now impinge against the concaved faces otthe buckets and cause the rotor to rotate in a high velocity in a counter-clockwise direction in the stator. The spent steam is permitted to escape from the stator through a suitable exhaust port 44 formed in the lower endy thereoi`.

then the device is operated at full speed the vanes at the rigrhhinv Figure 2, project radialfly dueJ to, centrifugal force and when the rotor comes to rest, the Vvanes to the right will ,fall into. operative position for clockwise direction.

lVhen it is desired to reverse. the direction of. the rotor, it is merely necessary to shift the lever to the other end ot, the'v guide plate 42 and push the same inwardly, which will position the channel 32 over the feed pipe 27 and unseat the valve The steam will now flow into.` the stator, B` through the pipe 2'? causing. the steamto impinge aganst the concave faces of the bucket B which will turnthe rot-o1; in a clockwise direction. As the rotor gains. momentum the buckets will assume the position shown in Figure 2 due to thek centrifugal action and thebuckets ywillnot reverse by gravity. When-the rotor comes torest. the vanes will, fall into operative position fora counter-clockwise direc tion.

From the foregoingr description, it can be seen that I' have provided an exceptionally simple turbine-oft a compact nature, in which the reversing thereof` is accomplished with a minimum amount,Y of effort.

Changes. in details may be made without v departing from the spiritor the scope of this invention.

lVhat I claim as new is:

l.- In a reversible tur-bine, a. rotor including a hub a plurality of buckets extending' transversely of the hub including central ribs pivotedtothe-periphery of the hub and substantially semi-cylindrical bodies having convex outer faces and concaved inner faces.

2. In a reversible turfbine', a stator, a. rotor mounted Within the stator comprsing a cylindrical body including ahub, and side flanges extending; beyond Y the hub. the periphery of the hub being provided at spaced points with transversely extending ribs joining the side flanges, a, plurality ot buckets extendingi'transaiersely of the hub arranged'` between therside flanges including a' central rib piiVotally: secured to the ribs on the hub, and a vSiLlbstantially semircylindrical body includingi an outer convex tace and an; inner. concave face.

In testimony whereof` I aflix mysignature.

Pani; nAvLs.- 

